MWSA Review

The US Navy's On-the-Roof Gang: Prelude to War is the first of a two-volume set that recounts the birth, development, and wartime service of the US Navy's radio intelligence community. The author is a retired Navy master chief cryptologic technician who wisely chose to write this narrative using the "creative nonfiction" style, supplying dialog and descriptive details that bring life to the historical facts, pulling the reader into the account.

The critical role of radio intercept and decryption in both theaters of World War II may be generally known but is not universally understood to any real depth. Recent popular film and television have highlighted the exploits of Alan Turing and the Bletchley analysts in breaking the German Enigma codes. The equally important (and arguably more impactful) achievements by the US Navy in breaking and exploiting the Imperial Japanese Navy codes in the Pacific theater have received relatively little media attention. The On-the-Roof Gang set goes a long way toward correcting that deficiency.

The Volume One story line begins in the early 1920s and follows a real-life Navy radioman whose curiosity leads him to begin eavesdropping on the routine transmissions of the Imperial Japanese Navy. An amateur HAM radio operator, he understands the potential for radio intercept intelligence and lays out the foundation for interpreting the Japanese katakana broadcasts. The account moves through the next two decades as radio intercept and decoding gain a foothold within the Navy’s radio communications establishment.

By 1928 the highest levels of US Navy leadership had recognized the value of intercepting katakana radio traffic. The first training class for fleet radio specialists was convened in Washington, DC, in a makeshift classroom constructed on the roof of the main Navy building on Constitution Avenue. Over the following twelve years, two hundred Navy radiomen were trained in the Japanese codes and in operating the specialized equipment used for intercepting and recording their Navy transmissions. By the outbreak of the war on the Day of Infamy, the US Navy had deployed a set of intercept stations across the Pacific, manned by skilled operators capable of listening in on the Imperial Japanese Navy.

The depth of research and meticulous level of detail in these volumes makes them much more than just creative nonfiction accounts. The author has created a definitive chronicle of the development of the US Navy's radio intelligence capabilities as the world moved inexorably toward war. The result is an engaging, character-based narrative that leaves the reader eager to find out how their stories will play out against the backdrop of the war in the Pacific.

This is well worth reading for anyone interested in military technology advances between the World Wars, and specifically the birth and growth of the US Navy’s radio intelligence abilities in the years leading up to World War II.

Review by Peter Young (April 2023)
 

Author's Synopsis

THE US NAVY'S ON-THE-ROOF GANG: VOLUME I - PRELUDE TO WAR is an historical novel based on the unknown true-life story of the "On-The-Roof Gang," the U.S. Navy's fledgling radio intelligence organization in the years leading up to World War II. It is based on the real life of Harry Kidder, a U.S. Navy radioman who first discovered and deciphered Japanese katakana telegraphic code while stationed in the Philippines in the 1920s, discovering that he was listening to Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) radio communications. Kidder strongly believed in the future of radio intelligence and a chance meeting with Lieutenant Laurance Safford led to the birth of the Navy's Radio Intelligence community. Kidder taught others the nascent art of intercepting IJN communications on the roof of the Main Navy Building in Washington, DC. From 1928 to 1941, 176 Sailors and Marines attended this training and were then stationed as radio intercept operators around the Pacific. These men would become known as the On-The-Roof Gang and were charged with keeping track of the IJN as they prepared for war with the United States. The circumstances of America's entry into World War II hinged on success or failure of the On-The-Roof Gang, and Harry Kidder knew this. On-the-Roof Gang: Prelude to War concludes with the "date which will live in infamy," December 7, 1941.

Format(s) for review: Paper and Kindle

Review Genre: Nonfiction—Creative Nonfiction

Number of Pages: 424

Word Count: 100,000